William Baule
  • Research Assistant Professor

Research Interests

My research primarily lies at the intersection of weather, climate, and agriculture. Some past research projects have focused on spatial and temporal changes in the character of precipitation from light  accumulation events to extremes, the effects of weather and climate on nitrogen loss in agricultural systems and utilizing sub-irrigation as a potential adaptation strategy to climate change. I also have interests in climate change adaptation, communication, and cooperative extension.

  • Regional Climatologist
  • Southern Regional Climate Center

Educational Background

  • Ph.D., Michigan State University, 2022
  • M.S., University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2012
  • B.S., University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2010

Selected Publications

    • Frank, K.A., T. Chen, E. Brown, A. Larsen, W.J. Baule, 2022. A network intervention for natural resource management in the context of climate change, Social Networks, In Press, doi: 10.1016/j.socnet.2022.03.003

    • Baule, W.J., J. Andresen, J. Winkler, 2022. Trends in Quality Controlled Precipitation Indicators in the United States Midwest and Great Lakes Region. Frontiers in Water, 4, 817342, doi:10.3389/frwa.2022.917342

    • Kiefer, M.T, J.A. Andresen, D.G. McCullough, W.J. Baule, M. Notaro, 2021. Extreme Minimum Temperatures in the Great Lakes Region of the United States: A Climatology with Implications for Insect Mortality. International Journal of Climatology. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7434

    • Hunt, E., H. Birge, C. Laingen, M. Licht, J. McMechan, W.J. Baule, T. Conner, 2020. A perspective on changes across the U.S. Corn Belt. Environmental Research Letters, 15 071001. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab9333

    • Andresen, J.A., W.J. Baule, 2020. Temperate Fruit Trees and Grapes. In: Agronomy Monographs, 60: Agroclimatology: Linking Agriculture to Climate. Eds.: J. Hatfield, M. Sivakumar, J. Prueger,. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison, WI. doi:10.2134/agronmonogr60.2014.0035.

    • Gunn, J., B. Allred, W. Baule, L. Brown, 2019. Investigating subirrigation strategies for three northwest Ohio soils. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 74, 111-125. doi:10.2489/jswx.74.2.111

    • Gunn, K., W.J. Baule, J. Frankenberger, D. Gamble, B. Allred, J. Andresen, L. Brown, 2018. Modeled Climate Change Impacts on Subirrigated Maize Yield in Northwest Ohio. Agricultural Water Management, 206, 56-66.

    • Baule, W.J., B. Allred, J. Frankenberger, D. Gamble, J.Andresen, K. Gunn, and L. Brown, 2017. Northwest Ohio Crop Yield Benefits of Water Capture and Subirrigation Based on Future Climate Change Projections . Agricultural Water Management, 189, 87-97.

    • Gunn, K., W. Baule, J. Frankenberger, D. Gamble, B. Allred, J. Andresen, and L. Brown, 2016. Corn yield under subirrigation and future climate scenarios in the Maumee River Basin. Transactions of 10th International Drainage Symposium, 10.

    • Stults. M., Petersen, S., Bell, J., Baule, W., Nasser, E., Gibbons, E., Fougerat., M., 2016. Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Plan: 1854 Ceded Territory Including the Bois Forte, Fond du Lac, and Grand Portage Reservations. Duluth, MN: 1854 Ceded Territory. 145 pp.

    • Shulski, M.D., W.J. Baule, C. Stiles, and N. Umphlett, 2015. A Historical Perspective on Nebraska`s Variable and Changing Climate. Great Plains Research, 25: 109-120.

    • Frankenberger, J., B. Allred, D. Gamble, W.J. Baule, and L. Brown, 2015. On-Farm Water Recycling as an Adaptation Strategy for Drained Agricultural Land. ASABE 1st Climate Change Symposium: Adaptation and Mitigation Conference Proceedings, American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 1-3.

    • Baule, W.J. and M.D. Shulski, 2014. Climatology and Trends of Wind Speed in Beaufort and Chukchi Seas Region from 1979-2009. International Journal of Climatology, 34: 2819-2833. doi: 10.1002/joc.3881

    • Shulski, M.D., J. You, J. Krieger, W.J. Baule, J. Zhang, X. Zhang, W. Horowitz, 2014. Development of a High Temporal Resolution Meteorological Database for the Beaufort and Chukchi Sea Coastal Region using Automated Routines. Arctic, 67, 104-112. doi: 10.14430/arctic436

    • Zhang, X., J. Zhang, J. Krieger, M. Shulski, F. Liu, S. Stegall, W. Tao, J. You, W. Baule, and B. Potter, 2013. Beaufort and Chukchi Seas Mesoscale Meteorology Modeling Study, Final Report, U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Alaska OCS Region, Anchorage, AK. OCS Study BOEM 2013-0119. 203 pp.