The science of statistics deals with the collection and summarization of data, design of experiments and surveys, measurement of the magnitude of variation in both experimental and survey data, estimation of population parameters with measures of their accuracy and precision, tests of hypotheses about populations and studies of the relationships between two or more variables. While the ideal of science is to achieve a systematic interrelationship of facts, scientific methods must be a pursuit of this ideal by experimentation, observation and logical arguments from various accepted postulates. Thus, the science of statistics is a set of scientific principles and methodologies that are useful in reaching conclusions about populations and processes when the available information is both limited and variable. Hence, statistical principles are useful in all the sciences, both physical and social. Many practical applications of statistics are found in a wide variety of fields, including biology, education, social sciences, engineering, business, government and agriculture.
